Análisis por elementos finitos de la implicación de la reconstrucción de la articulación artificial coxofemoral teniendo en cuenta la morfología cérvico-diafisiaria, las deformaciones del raquis y la posición del centro de rotación de la articulación, en fijación acetabular cementada y no cementada

Abstract

This thesis proposes a preoperative planning system in Total Hip Arthroplasty (ATC) based on a specific methodology with a set of parameters or variables. These variables can be either internal "inherent to the patient" (cervical-diaphyseal morphology and spinal deformities among others) or external to the patient (abduction angle, thickness, material and dimensions of the femoral head, positioning of the centre of rotation of the hip, etc.). In order to check this methodology, 1,008 simulations (in groups of 504) were carried out by finite elements on polyethylene liners of ultra-high molecular weight, and from those that have been extracted (2,016 values) values of Von Mises stresses and Intensity of Stress as indicators of the risk of wear and subsequent prosthetic failure. All the variables have been parameterized with the purpose of being able to carry out a statistical study of the results obtained. These results show a strong influence between the fixation type (cemented and uncemented) and the wear risk on polyethylene liners with a remarkable influence of other variables. All the results have been discussed and contrasted with the current bibliography regarding polyethylene wear in the clinical practice