Niveles óptimos de colesterol en los pacientes con dislipemia. Revisión sistemática de la evidencia

  1. C. Escobar 1
  2. V. Barrios 2
  3. L. Pérez de la Isla 3
  1. 1 Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
  2. 2 Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
  3. 3 Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid
    info

    Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04d0ybj29

Mostrar afiliacións +
Revista:
Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

ISSN: 1138-3593

Ano de publicación: 2018

Número: 1

Páxinas: 42-49

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.1016/J.SEMERG.2017.08.006 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Outras publicacións en: Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

Obxectivos de Desenvolvemento Sustentable

Resumo

Dyslipidaemia is one of the main risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. Different studies have demonstrated that the lower the LDL cholesterol, the better. Current evidence shows that the LDL cholesterol targets recommended by the clinical practice guidelines are beneficial and safe. However, consistent data show that higher reductions might provide additional cardiovascular beneficial effects, without an increase in side effects. Unfortunately, the current control of dyslipidaemia is very poor. Although statins are the treatment of choice in the majority of patients with dyslipidaemia, the current therapeutic armamentarium has different alternatives that effectively reduce LDL cholesterol levels, and that alone, or in combination, help to achieve LDL cholesterol targets in the majority of patients.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • A.L. Catapano, I. Graham, G. de Backer, O. Wiklund, M.J. Chapman, H. Drexel, et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias Eur Heart J., 37 (2016), pp. 2999-3058 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • R. Ocaña-Riola, J.M. Mayoral-Cortés, A. Fernández-Ajuria, C. Sánchez-Cantalejo, P. Martín-Olmedo, E. Blanco-Reina Efectos de la edad, el periodo de defunción y la cohorte de nacimiento en la mortalidad por enfermedad isquémica del corazón en el sur de España Rev Esp Cardiol., 68 (2015), pp. 373-381 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • J. Shepherd, S.M. Cobbe, I. Ford, C.G. Isles, A.R. Lorimer, P.W. MacFarlane, et al., West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia N Engl J Med., 333 (1995), pp. 1301-1307 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • P.S. Sever, B. Dahlöf, N.R. Poulter, H. Wedel, G. Beevers, M. Caulfield, et al. ASCOT Investigators. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): A multicentre randomised controlled trial Lancet, 361 (2003), pp. 1149-1158 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • H.M. Colhoun, D.J. Betteridge, P.N. Durrington, G.A. Hitman, H.A. Neil, S.J. Livingstone, et al. CARDS Investigators. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): Multicentre randomized placebo-controlled trial Lancet, 364 (2004), pp. 685-696 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • P.M. Ridker, E. Danielson, F.A. Fonseca, J. Genest, A.M. Gotto Jr., J.J. Kastelein, et al., JUPITER Study Group Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein N Engl J Med., 359 (2008), pp. 2195-2207 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • S. Yusuf, J. Bosch, G. Dagenais, J. Zhu, D. Xavier, L. Liu, et al. Cholesterol lowering in intermediate-risk persons without cardiovascular disease N Engl J Med., 374 (2016), pp. 2021-2031 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • C.P. Cannon, E. Braunwald, C.H. McCabe, D.J. Rader, J.L. Rouleau, R. Belder, et al. Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes N Engl J Med., 350 (2004), pp. 1495-1504 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • T.R. Pedersen, O. Faergeman, J.J. Kastelein, A.G. Olsson, M.J. Tikkanen, I. Holme, et al. High-dose atorvastatin vs. usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: A randomized controlled trial JAMA., 294 (2005), pp. 2437-2445 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • J.C. LaRosa, S.M. Grundy, D.D. Waters, C. Shear, P. Barter, J.C. Fruchart, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease N Engl J Med., 352 (2005), pp. 1425-1435 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • C.P. Cannon, M.A. Blazing, R.P. Giugliano, A. McCagg, J.A. White, P. Theroux, et al. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes N Engl J Med., 372 (2015), pp. 2387-2397 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • M.S. Sabatine, R.P. Giugliano, A.C. Keech, N. Honarpour, S.D. Wiviott, S.A. Murphy, et al. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease N Engl J Med., 376 (2017), pp. 1713-1722 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • C. Baigent, L. Blackwell, J. Emberson, L.E. Holland, C. Reith, N, Bhala, et al., Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaborators Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: A meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials Lancet., 376 (2010), pp. 1670-1681 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 18 R. Chou, T. Dana, I. Blazina, M. Daeges, T.L. Jeanne Statins for prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: Evidence Report And Systematic Review For the US preventive services task force JAMA., 316 (2016), pp. 2008-2024 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • L.H. Waite, Y.L. Phan, S.A. Spinler What's next for dyslipidemia management? The 2013 ACC/AHA Guidelines, the NLA recommendations, and beyond J Am Pharm Assoc (2003), 56 (2016), pp. 284-292 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • D.M. Lloyd-Jones, P.B. Morris, C.M. Ballantyne, K.K. Birtcher, D.D. Daly Jr., S.M. DePalma, et al. 2016 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on the role of non-statin therapies for ldl-cholesterol lowering in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: A report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on clinical expert consensus documents J Am Coll Cardiol., 68 (2016), pp. 92-125 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • F. Colivicchi, M. Tubaro, M. Santini Clinical implications of switching from intensive to moderate statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes Int J Cardiol., 152 (2011), pp. 56-60 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • H. Soran, R. Dent, P. Durrington Evidence-based goals in LDL-C reduction Clin Res Cardiol., 106 (2017), pp. 237-248 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • C. Escobar, R. Echarri, V. Barrios Relative safety profiles of high dose statin regimens Vasc Health Risk Manag., 4 (2008), pp. 525-533 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • J. Hsia, J.G. MacFadyen, J. Monyak, P.M. Ridker Cardiovascular event reduction and adverse events among subjects attaining low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤50 mg/dl with rosuvastatin The JUPITER Trial (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An intervention trial evaluating rosuvastatin) J Am Coll Cardiol., 57 (2011), pp. 1666-1675 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • M.S. Sabatine, R.P. Giugliano, S.D. Wiviott, F.J. Raal, D.J. Blom, J. Robinson, et al. Open-label study of long-term evaluation against LDL cholesterol (OSLER) investigators et al. Efficacy and safety of evolocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events N Engl J Med., 372 (2015), pp. 1500-1509 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • J.G. Robinson, M. Farnier, M. Krempf, J. Bergeron, G. Luc, M. Averna, et al. ODYSSEY long-term investigators et al. Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events N Engl J Med., 372 (2015), pp. 1489-1499 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group Effects on 11-year mortality and morbidity of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin for about 5 years in 20,536 high-risk individuals: A randomised controlled trial Lancet., 378 (2011), pp. 2013-2020 Google Scholar
  • T.E. Strandberg, K. Pyörälä, T.J. Cook, L. Wilhelmsen, O. Faergeman, G. Thorgeirsson, et al. Mortality and incidence of cancer during 10-year follow-up of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4 S) Lancet., 364 (2004), pp. 771-777 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • R. Estruch, E. Ros, J. Salas-Salvadó, M.I. Covas, D. Corella, F. Arós, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet N Engl J Med., 368 (2013), pp. 1279-1290 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • K. Kotseva, D. Wood, D. de Bacquer, G. de Backer, L. Rydén, C. Jennings, et al. EUROASPIRE IV: A European Society of Cardiology survey on the lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic management of coronary patients from 24 European countries Eur J Prev Cardiol., 23 (2016), pp. 636-648 CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • A. Cordero, E. Galve, V. Bertomeu-Martínez, H. Bueno, L. Fácila, E. Alegría, et al. Tendencias en factores de riesgo y tratamientos de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica estable atendidos en consultas de cardiología entre 2006 y 2014 Rev Esp Cardiol., 69 (2016), pp. 401-407 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • S. Mitchell, S. Roso, M. Samuel, M. Pladevall-Vila Unmet need in the hyperlipidaemia population with high risk of cardiovascular disease: A targeted literature review of observational studies BMC Cardiovasc Disord., 16 (2016), p. 74 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
  • F. Antón-García, E. Correcher-Salvador, F.A. Rodríguez-Lagos, S. González-Caminero Evaluación durante 6 años de la dislipidemia en un centro de salud. Importancia de las acciones de mejora Semergen, 40 (2014), pp. 241-246 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Fonte de datos: Dialnet