Privatizaciones de las telecomunicaciones en Latinoamérica, el caso del Perú y un análisis de su eficiencia

Abstract

This paper evaluates the efficiency of the telecommunications sector in Latin America paying special attention in the country of Peru. The great dynamism acquired by this sector has been due to external factors of change such as privatization processes that took place mainly during the nineties, technological changes, market liberalization and internationalization of services and funds lender firms. In this regards, the purpose of this thesis is to assess the evolution of telecommunications by valuing the two main responsible factors: privatization and technological advances. In order to understand privatizations in economic policies carried out in Latin as well as to assess its efficiency and to what extent it accounted as a dynamic component in the telecommunications case, this work is divided in three main parts. The first one accounts privatizations as a changing element of economic policies in Latin America. A close look at the motivations and characteristics behind privatizations in the telecommunications sector in Latin America is shown in the second part. Finally, a measure on the results of the privatizations in terms of efficiency is obtained. To measure the efficiency of the telecommunications sector at regional, country and company levels, methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used, complemented with the Rate of Sales (ROS), the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and the Partial Labour Productivity (PLP) indicators. The results indicate that the process of privatization and technological advances have been two distinguish elements for the development of telecommunications, improving the service provided to society, as well as their efficiency and productivity rates