Significado fitogeográfico de paisajes actuales abandonadosanálisis cartográfico detallado de olivares no funcionales

Resumo

In the context of the valuation of the landscape as a natural, historical and cultural heritage, present evidences of abandoned agricultural uses are presented. The olive grove was a fundamental resource in La Alcarria of Guadalajara and, after the Civil War, many slopes that dissected their tabular plateaus were widely dedicated to this crop. There are still functional olive groves, although their use is now marginal. However, the current vegetable landscape still reveals multiple plots with this ancient use, since the olive tree is kept without plucking. In 2014 and 2015 fieldwork was carried out in two areas of 4 km² selected as a sample of this process: slopes of the Tajuña valley (Tomellosa and Valdeavellano) and the Arlés valley (Alhóndiga and Auñón). Two maps were generated applying a method of mapping the vegetation with a scalloped detail. There were many vegetation units that maintained non‐ functional olive trees, along with a few others where it is still maintained. With the aid of direct visual inspection of aerial photographs of the last century and orthophotographs of the present, there is a progressive regeneration of spontaneous vegetation occupying old olive groves. The phytogeographical significance of this natural dynamics is analyzed and typified locally.