Iridotomía periférica láser frente a facoemulsificación en el cierre angular primario: estudio comparativo prospectivo

Zusammenfassung

Purpose A study was designed to determine and describe the changes induced in the anterior segment of the eye and the intraocular pressure (IOP) after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) versus phacoemulsification in primary angle closure suspects (PACS) and primary angle closure (PAC). Methods Forty-seven eyes (47 patients) with Shaffer gonioscopy 0-II were included and split into 2 groups: cataract surgery (n = 29) or LPI (n = 18), depending on the lens sclerosis and visual acuity. Tonometry, gonioscopy, funduscopy, and automated measurements of the anterior chamber by Pentacam were performed before the intervention, and one and 3 months after the technique. Results Phacoemulsification reduces IOP after one and 3 months (P<.01). LPI reduces IOP after 3 months (P<.04), and after one month (P<.38). IOP was 16.2 mmHg (SD: 3.59) in the phacoemulsification group vs. 16.83 mmHg (SD: 2.36) in the LPI group after one month (P=.4), and 15.52 (SD: 2.95) vs. 16.05 (SD: 2.46) in the third month (P=.5). There were no significant differences in the antiglaucoma drugs. Shaffer gonioscopy grading was greater in the phacoemulsification group vs. in the LPI group one and 3 months after the intervention (P=.01). The highest difference between both techniques was found in the superior quadrant. The anterior chamber depth, angle and volume by Pentacam were wider in the phacoemulsification group after one and 3 months (P<.01). Conclusions Although phacoemulsification and LPI could both be effective techniques in the prevention of pupillary block in PAC, faster and greater amplitude of the angle and the anterior chamber can be obtained after phacoemulsification than after LPI.