Prevención de esguinces de tobillo en jugadoras de baloncesto amateur mediante programas de propiocepción. Estudio piloto de casos-controles

Résumé

Objectives To assess the effectiveness of an 8-week long ankle specific balance training program and to observe whether changes in static and dynamic postural control occur in female amateur basketball players (with and without a history of sprained ankles). Participants and methods 30 female amateur basketball players aged 12-17 participated in a prospective case-control study that involved the implementation of an 8-week long balance training program. Anthropometric and sport routines as well as ankle static and dynamic postural control were assessed with the One Leg Standing Test (OLST) and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Results There were statistically significant improvements (P<.05) for ankles with and without a history of ankle sprains in the experimental group (n = 17) for both static postural control tests, except for OLST with open eyes, and dynamic. In the control group (n = 13), statistically significant improvements were only observed in the anterior and postero-lateral pathways of SEBT. Conclusions Balance training programs on Böhler boards for ankle sprains seem to achieve better static and dynamic postural control of the joint in female amateur basketball players with and without a history of previous sprains. Therefore, its preventive role, especially in preseason moments for basketball players, must be considered. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to corroborate the results shown in this paper.