Disfunción sexual en mujeres diagnosticadas y tratadas de cáncer de mama. Estudio descriptivo longitudinal

Abstract

Objective To describe the sexual function state in women treated for breast cancer over a year after the diagnosis of breast cancer. Materials and methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between September 2016 and June 2018. One hundred and ten women treated for breast cancer were included. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders DSM-5 was used to assess sexual dysfunction (SD), and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to describe female sexual function. The FSFI was assessed after breast cancer diagnosis (V0); after medical-surgical treatment (V1); and 12 months after V0 (V2). Results 54.12% of women were not sexually active. According to DSM-5, after the V0 assessment, 64.86% of women showed a SD, being the most frequent: interest/excitation disorder (51.35%); orgasmic disorder (35.14%); and dyspareunia (32.43%); at A1, 77.74% of women had a SD, with the most frequent being: interest/excitation disorder (72.09%); orgasmic disorder (51.16%); and dyspareunia (41.86%); and 6 months after medical-surgical treatments (V2), 74.07% of women had a SD, being the most frequent: interest / excitation disorder (59.26%); dyspareunia (40.74%); and orgasmic disorder (37.04%). The most prevalent SDs according to the FSFI, were dyspareunia at V0 and sexual desire disorder at V1 and V2 assessments. Regarding the evolution of the SD throughout the first year, the SD seem to improve after one year of the surgical treatment of breast cancer both in the total value of the FSFI (P = .016) and in the “pain” domain (P = .008). Conclusions SD is current in breast cancer survivors during the first year after the medical diagnosis. Medical-surgical treatments do not seem to negatively influence the sexual function detected after the medical diagnosis. SD is significantly related to post-menopause and axillary lymphadenectomy.