Actualización de la hemorragia digestiva. Valoración clínica, diagnóstico diferencial y manejo hospitalario

  1. Guerrero, A. 1
  2. Sánchez Aldehuelo, R. 1
  3. Flores de Miguel, A. 1
  4. Albillos, A. 1
  1. 1 Servicio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. España. Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, CIBERehd. Alcalá de Henares. Madrid. España.
Journal:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Year of publication: 2019

Issue Title: Medicina de urgencias (I)Atención al paciente urgente. Urgencias abdominales

Series: 12

Issue: 87

Pages: 5117-5125

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2019.10.004 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Abstract

Digestive bleeding is a common medical emergency associated with high morbimortality rates, mainly among elderly population and/or with comorbidities. The term digestive bleeding comprises both high and low digestive bleeding whose etiology, diagnosis, prognosis and management are different. Therapeutic approach has to be multidisciplinary, involving gastroenterologists, intensivists, surgeons and interventional radiologists

Bibliographic References

  • Stanley AJ, Laine L. Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. BMJ. 2019;364:l536.
  • García-Iglesias P, Botargues JM, Caballé FF, Villanueva Sánchez C, Calvet Calvo X, Brullet Benedi E. Manejo de la hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa: documento de posicionamiento de la Societat Catalana de Digestologia. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;40(5),363-74.
  • Gralnek IM, Dumonceau JM, Kuipers EJ, Lanas A, Sanders DS, Kurien M. Diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endosc. 2015;47(10):a1-a46.
  • Cappell MS, Friedel D. Acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: endoscopic diagnosis and therapy. Med Clin N Am. 2008;92(3):511-50.
  • Wuerth BA, Rockey DC. Changing epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the last decade: a nationwide analysis. Dig Dis Sci. 2018;63(5):1286-93
  • Ernst AA, Haynes ML, Nick TG, Weiss SJ. Usefulness of the blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Emerg Medicine. 1999;17(1):70-2.
  • Baradarian R, Ramdhaney S, Chapalamadugu R, Skoczylas L, Wang K, Rivilis S. Early intensive resuscitation of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding decreases mortality. American J Gastroenterol. 2004;99(4):619.
  • Villanueva C, Colomo A, Bosch A. Transfusion strategies for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. N Eng J Med. 2013;368(1):11-21.
  • Sreedharan A, Martín J, Leontiadis G, Dorward S, Howden CW, Forman D. Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(7):CD005415.
  • Blatchford O, Murray WR, Blatchford M. A risk score to predict need for treatment for uppergastrointestinal haemorrhage. Lancet. 2000;356:1318-21.
  • Laursen SB, Dalton HR, Murray IA, Michell N, Johnston MR, Schultz M. Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage International Consortium Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage International Consortium. Performance of new thresholds of the Glasgow Blatchford score in managing patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:115-21.
  • Cipolleta L, Cipolleta F, Granata A. What is the best endoscopic strategy in acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding? Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2018;16(4):363-75.
  • Strate LL. Lower GI bleeding: epidemiology and diagnosis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2005;34:643.5
  • Rezapour M, Ali S, Stollman N. Diverticular disease: an update on pathogenesis and management. Gut Liver. 2018;12(2):125-32.
  • Sami SS, Al-Araji SA, Ragunath K. Review article: gastrointestinal angiodysplasia : pathogenesis, diagnosis and management. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014;39:15.
  • Laine L, Shah A. Randomized trial of urgent vs. elective colonoscopy in patients hospitalized with lower GI bleeding. Am J Gas-troenterol. 2010;105:2636.
  • Jensen DM, Machicado GA. Diagnosis and treatment of severe hematochezia. The role of urgent colonoscopy after purge. Gas-troenterology. 1988;95:1569.
  • Davila RE, Rajan E, Adler DG, Egan J, Hirota WK, Leighton JA. ASGE Guideline: the role of endoscopy in the patient with lower-GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;62(5):656-60.
  • Martí M, Artigas JM, Garzón G, Álvarez-Sala R, Soto JA. Acute lower intestinal bleeding: feasibility and diagnostic performance of CT angiography. Radiology. 2012;262:109.
  • Farrell JJ, Friedman LS. Review article: the management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;21:1281.