Patología neoplásica de la vía aerodigestiva superior

  1. Gamboa, F.J.
  2. García-Alcántara, F.
  3. Cortez, A.
  4. Rivera-Rodríguez, T.
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Año de publicación: 2019

Serie: 12

Número: 91

Páginas: 5352-5363

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2019.11.022 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumen

Resumen Los tumores malignos de la vía aerodigestiva superior representan el 5% de los cánceres de organismo. La inmensa mayoría (95%) son carcinomas epidermoides, con síntomas iniciales inespecíficos. Los carcinógenos más frecuentemente implicados son el tabaco y el alcohol que tienen efecto sinérgico. La infección por algunos serotipos de VPH se relaciona con cáncer de orofaringe. El factor que más influye en la supervivencia es la estadificación TNM, por lo que el diagnóstico precoz es clave para mejorar los resultados funcionales y el control de la enfermedad. En estadios iniciales se consiguen tasas de supervivencia a 5 años de entre el 70-90%, utilizando una sola modalidad terapéutica y, en general, con escaso precio funcional. Los estadios avanzados suelen requerir tratamientos combinados y asocian mayor morbilidad y mortalidad a corto y largo plazo. El seguimiento clínico y radiológico es fundamental para detectar recidivas tratables y posibles segundos tumores.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Hitt R, López A, Ballesteros A; 2017. Informacion sobre el cancer : tumores cabeza y cuello.
  • Poon C, Stenson K. Overview of the diagnosis and staging of head and neck cancer. Uptodate.
  • Gale N, Hille J, Jordan RC, Grandis Jr, Sleotwerg PJ. Precursor lesions. World Health Organization (WHO). Classification of head and neck tumours. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Lyon: Press; 2017. p. 91-5
  • Holmstrup P, Vedtofte P, Reibel J, Stoltze K. Oral premalignant lesions: is a biopsy reliable? J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36:262-6.
  • Wyss A, Hashibe M, Chuang SC, Lee YC, Zhang ZF, Yu GP,. Cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking and the risk of head and neck cancers: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(5):679-90.
  • De Stefani E, Boffetta P, Oreggia F, Fierro L, Mendilaharsu M. Hard liquor drinking is associated with higher risk of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx than wine drinking. A case control study in Uruguay. Oral Oncol. 1998;34(2):99-104.
  • Druesne-Pecollo N, Tehard B, Mallet Y, Gerber M, Norat T, Hercberg S. Alcohol and genetic polymorphisms: effect on risk of alcohol related cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(2):173-80.
  • Goldenberg D, Benoit NE, Begum S, Westra WH, Cohen Y, Koch WM. Epstein-Barr virus in head and neck cancer assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Laryngoscope. 2004;114(6):1027-31.
  • Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, Hernández BY, Xiao W, Kim E. Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(32):4294-301
  • Larsson PA, Edström S, Westin T, Nordkvist A, Hirsch JM, Vahlne A. Reactivity against herpes simple virus in patients with head and neck cancer. Int J Cancer. 1991;49(1):14-8.
  • Deeken JF, Tjen-A-Looi A, Rudek MA, Okuliar C, Young M, Little RF. The rising challenge of non-AIDS defining cancers in HIV infected patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(9):1228-35.
  • Guha N, Warnakulasuriya S, Vlaanderen J, Straif K. Betel quid chewing and the risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: a meta-analysis with im-plications for cancer control. Int J Cancer. 2014;135(6):1433-43.
  • Freedman ND, Park Y, Subar AF, Hollenbeck AR, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A. Fruit and vegetable intake and head and neck cancer risk in a large United States prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer. 2008;122(10):2330-6.
  • Farrow DC, Vaughan TL, Berwick M, Lynch CF, Swanson GM, Lyon JL. Diet and nasopharyngeal cancer in a low risk population. Int J Cancer. 1998;78(6)675-9.
  • Schlecht NF, Brandwein-Gensler M, Nuovo GJ, Li M, Dunne A, Kawachi N. A comparison of clinically utilized human papillomavirus detection methods in head and neck cancer. Mod Pathol. 2011;24(10):1295-305
  • O’Sullivan B, Huang SH, Su J, Garden AS, Sturgis EM, Dahlstrom K. Development and validation of a staging system for HPV related oropharyngeal cancer by the International Collaboration on Oropharyngeal cancer Network for Staging (ICON-S): a multicentre cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(51):440-4.
  • Huang SH, Pérez-Ordoñez B, Liu FF, Waldron J, Ringash J, Irish J. Atypical clinical behavior of p16 confirmed HPV related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radical radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;82(1):276-83.
  • Lydiatt WM, Ridge JA, Patel SG, O’Sullivan B, Brandwein MS, Migliacci JC. Oropharynx (p16-) and hypopharynx. AJCC cancer staging manual. 8th ed. New York: Springer; 2017. p. 123.
  • Brandwein-Gensler M, Teixeira MS, Lewis CM, Lee B, Rolnitzky L, Hille JJ. Oral squamous cell carcinoma: histologic risk assessment, but not margin status, is strongly predictive of local disease free and overall survival. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:167-78.
  • Thariat J, Ahamad A, El-Naggar AK, Williams MD, Holsinger FC, Glisson BS. Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a case control study. Cancer. 2008; 112(12):2698-709.
  • Spector ME, Wilson KF, Light E, McHugh JB, Bradford CR. Clinical and pathologic predictors of recurrence and survival in spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011;145(2):242-7.
  • Chua ML, Wee JT, Hui EP, Chan AT. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lan-cet. 2016;387(10022):1012-24.
  • Amid MB, Amin MB, Edge S, Greene F, Byrd DR, Brookland RK, Washington MK. AJCC cancer staging manual. 8th ed. New York: Springer; 2017. p. 53. [Corregido en 4ª impresión 2018].
  • Llanos S, García-Pedrero JM, Morgado-Palacin L, Rodrigo JP, Serrano M. Stabilization of p21 by mTORC1/4E-BP1 predicts clinical outcome of head and neck cancers. Nat Commun. 2016;7:10438.
  • Johnson JT, Branstetter BF 4th. PET/CT in head and neck onco-logy: State-of-the-art 2013. Laryngoscope. 2014;124(4):913-5.
  • Ha PK, Hdeib A, Goldenberg D, Jacene H, Patel P, Koch W. The role of positron emission tomography and computed tomography fusion in the management of early-stage and advanced stage primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(1):12-6.
  • Emerick K, Deschler DG, Kunins L. Differential diagnosis of a neck mass. UpToDate 2019.
  • Som PM, Curtin HD, Mancuso AA. Imaging-based nodal classification for evaluation of neck metastatic adenopathy. AJR. 2000;174: 837-45
  • Josephson GD, Spencer WR, Josephson JS. Thyroglossal duct cyst: the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary experience and a literatu-re review. Ear Nose Throat J. 1998;77(8):642-4.
  • Talmi YP, Hoffman HT, Horowitz Z, McCulloch TM, Funk GF, Graham SM. Patterns of metastases to the upper jugular lymph nodes (the “submuscular recess”). Head Neck. 1998;20(8):682-6.
  • Pinkston JA, Cole P. Incidence rates of salivary gland tumors: results from a population based study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999;120(6):834-40.
  • Wuthrick EJ, Zhang Q, Machtay M, Rosenthal DI, Nguyen-Tan PF, Fortin A. Institutional clinical trial accrual volume and survival of patients with head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:156.
  • Furness S, Glenny AM, Worthington HV, Pavitt S, Oliver R, Clarkson JE. Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: chemotherapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(4):CD006386.
  • Pignon JP, le Maître A, Maillard E, Bourhis J, MACH-NC. Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): an update on 93 randomised trials and 17,346 patients. Radiother Oncol. 2009;92(1):4-14.
  • Sayles M, Grant DG. Preventing pharyngocutaneous fistula in total laryngectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Laryngoscope. 2014;124(5):1150-63.
  • Brockstein BE, Stenson KM, Song S. Overview of treatment for head and neck cancer. UpToDate 2019.
  • O’Sullivan B, Huang SH, Su J, Garden AS, Sturgis EM, Dahlstrom K. Development and validation of a staging system for HPV related oropharyngeal cancer by the International Collaboration on Oropharyngeal cancer Network for Staging (ICONS): a multicentre cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(4):440-51.
  • Fotopoulos G, Pavlidis N. The role of human papilloma virus and p16 in occult primary of the head and neck: a comprehensive review of the literature. Oral Oncol. 2015;51(2):119-23.
  • Fu TS, Foreman A, Goldstein DP, de Almeida JR. The role of transoral robotic surgery, transoral laser microsurgery, and lingual tonsillectomy in the identification of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary origin: a systematic review. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016;45(1):28.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet