Espondiloartritis

  1. Valero Expósito, M. 1
  2. Terán Tinedo, M.A. 1
  3. Blanco Cáceres, B.A. 1
  4. Bachiller Corral, J. 1
  5. Reventa Martínez, M. 2
  1. 1 Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
  2. 2 Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
Journal:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Year of publication: 2021

Series: 13

Issue: 29

Pages: 1599-1610

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2021.03.018 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Sustainable development goals

Abstract

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) includes a group of phenotypically distinct conditions that share different characteristics from other chronic arthropathies (association with HLA B27, familial aggregation, etiopathogenic mechanisms, axial involvement, peripheral arthritis, enthesitis and common extra-articular features). We can classify SpA into axial, peripheral or mixed forms. Specific forms include radiographic (ankylosing spondylitis) or non-radiographic axial SpA, SpA with predominantly peripheral involvement, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and SpA and arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease. However, there are other related conditions. The accurate pathogenesis of SpA still remains unclear. There is a clear genetic predisposition, and the intestinal microbiome probably contributes to the development of the disease. Key factors in its physiopathology are the activation of cytokines (such as TNF-alpha, IL-17 and the IL-12/23 axis) and the enthesis as an inflammatory «organ». Diagnosis is based on clinical, imaging and laboratory findings. ASAS classification criteria are currently used for differentiation into homogeneous groups. The treatment for each condition depends on the type and expression of the disease, based on whether axial, peripheral or other organ involvement predominates. In general, it includes anti-inflammatories, local corticosteroid injections and disease-modifying drugs: classic, biological and new targeted synthetic treatments.

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Data source: Dialnet