Infarto agudo de miocardio. SCACEST

  1. García Sebastián, C. 1
  2. Abellas Sequeiros, M. 1
  3. Monteagudo Ruiz, J.M. 1
  4. Zamorano Gómez, J.L. 1
  1. 1 Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Año de publicación: 2021

Título del ejemplar: Enfermedades cardiovasculares (IV)

Serie: 13

Número: 38

Páginas: 2177-2184

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2021.07.002 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumen

El síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) se produce cuando existe un desequilibrio entre la demanda y el aporte de oxígeno al miocardio. Cuando este SCA se acompaña de elevación del segmento ST (SCACEST), habitualmente se debe a la rotura de una placa de ateroma con formación de trombo que produce oclusión aguda de la arteria coronaria. La presentación clínica más frecuente del SCACEST es la de dolor centrotorácico opresivo persistente y elevación del segmento ST en el electrocardiograma. Sin embargo, en ocasiones se pueden observar manifestaciones clínicas o electrocardiográficas atípicas que complican el diagnóstico y pueden retrasar la instauración del tratamiento. El desarrollo de sistemas estructurados de atención al SCACEST (código infarto) es fundamental para asegurar la calidad asistencial y reducir los tiempos hasta el tratamiento. El tratamiento se basa en la revascularización con apertura del vaso afecto, mediante dos técnicas: angioplastia primaria (de elección) o fibrinólisis. La prevención secundaria y la participación en programas de rehabilitación cardíaca son elementos clave en el tratamiento a largo plazo de estos pacientes.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet