La construcción de la interioridad en los refugios orientalistas de Pierre Loti, Sir Frederic Leighton y Claude Monet

Résumé

El propósito de esta tesis era analizar las consecuencias arquitectónicas de la obsesión orientalista en tres autores de finales del XIX, intentando plantear con ello los fundamentos de lo que llamamos “imaginario” orientalista. Las autores estudiados son, un escritor, Pierre Loti, y dos pintores, Sir Frederic Leighton y Claude Monet, exponentes cada uno de un enfoque particular del orientalismo. Los tres casos estudiados incluyen las casas donde vivieron transformadas ahora en museos abiertos a la curiosidad de cualquiera. El estudio de estos casos nos llevó a acometer una serie de temáticas que se perfilan en el transcurso de la escritura como lo mas importante del trabajo. Estas temáticas son: la construcción de la interioridad, el rol del vacío como entidad material y física en esas arquitecturas, el orden de los objetos y su protagonismo en esos interiores, las categorías ontológicas del habitar en esas viviendas. Estas temáticas de alguna manera fueron enfocadas y realizadas por el “orientalismo” como dispositivos que intervienen poderosamente en los imaginarios relacionados con Oriente… con ramificaciones en las problemáticas políticas, sociales y culturales que estaba viviendo el “sujeto europeo culto” en el advenimiento de la modernidad. ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis in the first instance was to analyze three expressions of Orientalism from the field of architecture , trying to prove through them as these examples constituted a closure of Orientalist discourse , while they complete the Orientalist imaginary that starts its construction through literature and painting finishing in architecture. Because of this, the case studies comprise a writer, Pierre Loti, and two painters, Sir Frederic Leighton and Claude Monet, each one as an exponent of a different facet of Orientalism. In each case the legacy of these artists has included his house , which now transformed into a museum , it is possible to visit and study despite the time of its construction. The study of these cases allowed on a second instance, to present a number of issues that in the end were the most important thing in this work, these issues deal with problems such as the construction of interiority in the late nineteenth century , the role which the vacuum play as a mental and physical entity in this architecture , the order of the objects and their role in the interiors of the time, the political and social control and discipline of housing space , the ontological categories of dwelling , etc. . All these issues somehow were enhanced by Orientalism , which with their devices intervened powerfully in building an imaginary not only related to East, but also with the political, social and cultural issues , that Europeans were living in the transit to the advent of modernity, and that will put under a critical view all these issues.