Evaluación y desarrollo de infraestructuras de atención primaria de salud en países empobrecidos

Zusammenfassung

This thesis proposes the study of primary health care infrastructures active in impoverished countries, focusing basically on the quality of their design. The aim is to produce a method of analysis for the evaluation and improvement of said infrastructures. Three actors are identified as responsible for the development of these infrastructures: the governments of each country, the development agencies and international NGOs and the humanitarian actions of the military forces. Each actor involved uses its own strategies of action and design techniques. Most experiences do not usually transcend the internal environment of the entities involved. The result of this situation is that there is no context open to debate, nor detailed comparative studies that allow defining the design principles, typologies and most recommendable parameters for each context. Addressing this lack of comparative studies is the general objective of this thesis. To achieve this objective, several related goals are posed: to conduct a detailed study of the needs and circumstances surrounding the provision of primary health care services in impoverished countries, to develop a method that can qualify each action based on a series of pooled indicators in categories, and perform an analysis to determine what type of action is most appropriate for each case. We will analyze, as case studies, selected samples of the recent actions in the field of primary care of each one of the aforementioned actors: as state actions in the primary care network, those of the state of Mozambique in the Inhambane region, health services carried out by the Spanish Red Cross and international humanitarian missions of the Spanish Army and specifically the use of thier field hospital. The results of the analysis can serve as a reference to the different actors involved in this context, and others, on which are the most effective design parameters and typologies for each context.