Cannabis: consumo, efectos y consideraciones sobre legalización y tratamiento

  1. Castillo Toledo, C. 1
  2. Gutiérrez Rojas, L. 2
  3. Molina Ruiz, R.M. 3
  4. Álvarez Mon, M.Á. 4
  1. 1 Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España
  2. 2 Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, España Departamento de Psiquiatría y Grupo de Investigación CTS-549, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
  3. 3 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España
  4. 4 Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
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Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Año de publicación: 2023

Título del ejemplar: Actualidad clínico-terapéutica (IV)

Serie: 13

Número: 92

Páginas: 5452-5462

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumen

El cannabis es la droga ilegal más consumida en el mundo, generando una gran repercusión en la salud física y mental. Existen diferentes factores de riesgo que pueden aumentar la adicción a esta sustancia como son la frecuencia y duración del consumo y los factores genéticos, sociales o ambientales. Se sabe que el cannabis está formado por diferentes compuestos químicos que se unen a los receptores del sistema endocannabinoide en el organismo y que son responsables de sus múltiples efectos en el organismo. En el DSM-5 existen diversos trastornos relacionados con el uso de cannabis. Los efectos adversos del cannabis sobre la salud pueden variar según la cantidad consumida y la susceptibilidad individual, pero es bien conocido su efecto negativo sobre la capacidad de concentración, atención y memoria. También aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar patologías psiquiátricas como esquizofrenia, depresión, ansiedad o incluso aumenta el riesgo de suicidio. El tratamiento debe estar dirigido a lograr la abstinencia y mejorar la calidad de vida y la prevención de recaídas, siendo más eficaz la combinación del tratamiento farmacológico y psicológico.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet