Contributors

Name Publications
Tardón García, Adonina 78
Kogevinas, M. 74
Aranda Aguilar, Enrique 56
Guillén Ponce, Carmen 48
Díaz-Rubio García, Eduardo 41
Porta, Miquel 22
Sastre Valera, Javier 21
Camps Herrero, Carlos 20
Barberá Juan, Víctor-Manuel 20
Grande Pulido, Enrique 19
Tabernero Caturla, Josep 19
Cervantes Ruiperez, Andrés 18
Soto Martínez, José Luis 16
Alguacil Ojeda, Juan 15
Gómez España, M. A. 12
García Alfonso, Pilar 10
García-Foncillas López, Jesús 10
Rodríguez Lescure, Álvaro 10
González Larriba, José Luis 9
Barneto Aranda, Isidoro Carlos 9
Valladares Ayerbes, Manuel 8
Alberola Candel, Vicente 8
Castillejo Castillo, Adela 8
Muñoz Bellvís, Luis 8
Molina Rivas, Esther 8
García Bermejo, Laura 8
Garrido López, María Pilar 7
Perea García, José 7
Hidalgo Medina, Manuel 7
García Carbonero, Rocío 7
Macarulla Mercadé, Teresa 7
Gago Dominguez, Manuela 7
Cruz Hernández, Juan Jesús 6
Vera García, Ruth 6
Andreu García, Montserrat 6
Valencia Herrera, Alfonso 6
Alcalá Sánchez, Sonia 6
García Girón, Carlos 5
Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar 5
Provencio Pulla, Mariano 5
Lobo Martínez, Eduardo 5
Peña Maroto, Cristina 5
López López, Carlos 5
Fernández Muñoz, Esteve 4
Feliu Batlle, Jaime 4
Álvarez Cabellos, Ruth 4
Muñoz Martín, Andrés Jesús 4
Morales Bartolomé, Eva 4
Giralt López de Sagredo, Jorge Luis 4
Pérez Jurado, L. A. 4
Soler Boada, María José 4
Benavides, Fernando G. 4
Reboredo López, Margarita 4
Castellano-Gauna, Daniel 4
Fernández Fraga, Mario 4
Vioque López, Jesús 3
Vázquez Sequeiros, Enrique 3
Lacueva Gómez, Francisco Javier 3
López López, Rafael 3
Cassinello Espinosa, Javier Guillermo 3
Teruel Del Valle, Ana 3
Jiménez Fonseca, P. 3
García Paredes, Beatriz 3
Maestu Maiques, Inmaculada 3
Moreno Aguado, Víctor 3
Ferragut Rodríguez, José Antonio 3
Solá Lamoglia, Ricard 3
Guarinos, Carla 3
Castillejo Castillo, María Isabel 3
López Zorzano, Rafael 3
Paz-Ares Rodríguez, Luis 3
Pineda Sanjuan, Silvia 3
González Rodriguez, Encarnación 3
Llanos Muñoz, Marta 2
Gómez Codina, José 2
López-Rios Moreno, Fernando 2
Burgos Revilla, Francisco Javier 2
Candia Fernández, Antonio Eladio 2
Domínguez Muñoz, J. Enrique 2
Lluch Hernández, Ana 2
Domínguez Fernández, Severina 2
Sierrasesúmaga Ariznavarreta, Luis 2
Chirlaque López, María Dolores 2
Jimeno, José M. 2
Ortiz Gordillo, María José 2
Salgado Fernández, Mercedes 2
Botella Carretero, José Ignacio 2
Sirera Pérez, Rafael 2
Sánchez Rovira, Pedro 2
Real, Francisco X 2
Rivas del Fresno, Manuel 2
Forteza Vila, Jerónimo 2
Alés Martínez, José Enrique 2
Marcos Dauder, Ricardo 2
Vega Villegas, María Eugenia 2
Lecanda Cordero, Fernando 2
Santibáñez Margüello, Miguel 2
Martín Pérez, Elena 2
Colomer Bosch, Ramón 2

Collaboration Research Centres

Name Type Country Publications
Hospital Ramón y Cajal Hospital Spain 171
Hospital General Universitario de Elche Hospital Spain 126
Universitat Pompeu Fabra University Spain 93
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas Research Centre Spain 71
National Cancer Institute Research Centre United States 71
Hospital del Mar Hospital Spain 59
Institut Municipal d'Investigació Medica Research Centre Spain 58
Universidad de Oviedo University Spain 53
Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid Hospital Spain 53
Hospital Universitario de Canarias Hospital Spain 52
Hospital Vall d'Hebron Hospital Spain 49
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Epidemiología Y Salud Pública Research Centre Spain 43
Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia Hospital Spain 41
Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Research Centre Spain 41
Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Hospital Spain 40
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Hospital Spain 39
Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí Hospital Spain 38
Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital Spain 35
Hospital Miguel Servet Hospital Spain 35
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona University Spain 30
Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria Research Centre Spain 30
Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla Hospital Spain 29
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Hospital Spain 27
Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital Spain 24
Hospital General Universitario de Valencia Hospital Spain 22
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University United States 21
Instituto Universitario de Oncologia del Principado de Asturias Research Centre Spain 20
National School of Public Health University Greece 20
Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago Hospital Spain 19
Institute Catalá Oncología Research Centre Spain 19
Dartmouth College University United States 18
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid University Spain 16
Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia Hospital Spain 16
Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Hospital Spain 16
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer Research Centre Spain 16
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Hospital United States 16
Universidad de Córdoba University Spain 14
Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias Hospital Spain 14
Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital Spain 14
Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia Research Centre Spain 14
Karolinska Institute Research Centre Sweden 13
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche University Spain 12
Hospital Clinic Barcelona Hospital Spain 12
Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío Hospital Spain 12
Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Hospital Spain 12
Hospital Universitario Son Espases Hospital Spain 12
Brigham and Women's Hospital Hospital United States 12
Universitat de Barcelona University Spain 11
Universitat de València University Spain 11
Hospital Universitario La Fe Hospital Spain 11
Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa Hospital Spain 11
German Cancer Research Center Research Centre Germany 11
National Institute for Health and Welfare Research Centre Finland 11
Harvard University University United States 11
Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves Hospital Spain 10
Technical University Munich University Germany 10
Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine University United States 9
Universidade da Coruña University Spain 8
Instituto de Salud Carlos III Research Centre Spain 8
Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca Research Centre Spain 8
Queen Mary University of London University United Kingdom 8
Karolinska University Hospital Hospital Sweden 8
International Agency For Research On Cancer University France 8
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori University Italy 8
Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Hospital Spain 7
Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Hospital Spain 7
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols Research Centre Spain 7
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Research Centre Spain 7
Queen's University Belfast University United Kingdom 7
Imperial College London University United Kingdom 7
Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Research Centre France 7
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Research Centre Netherlands 7
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Research Centre United States 7
Hospital Arnau de Vilanova Hospital Spain 7
Danish Cancer Society University Denmark 7
Universidad Complutense de Madrid University Spain 6
Universidad de Huelva University Spain 6
Hospital Universitario La Paz Hospital Spain 6
Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Hospital Spain 6
Hospital Virgen del Camino Hospital Spain 6
Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge Research Centre Spain 6
University of Oxford University United Kingdom 6
University of Padua University Italy 6
University of Verona University Italy 6
Pierre and Marie Curie University University France 6
Università degli Studi di Brescia University Italy 6
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg University Germany 6
Umeå University University Sweden 6
Philipp University of Marburg University Germany 6
Centre for research in epidemiology and population health Research Centre France 6
Harvard Medical School University United States 6
Cancer Registry of Norway University Norway 6
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela University Spain 5
Hospital Duran i Reynals Hospital Spain 5
Mutua de Terrassa Hospital Spain 5
Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Burgos Hospital Spain 5
University of Melbourne University Australia 5
University Medical Center Utrecht Hospital Netherlands 5
University College Cork University Ireland 5
University of Liverpool University United Kingdom 5
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Hospital Netherlands 5
The Arctic University of Norway University Norway 5
University of Toronto University Canada 5
Johns Hopkins University University United States 5
Dana–Farber Cancer Institute Research Centre United States 5
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Hospital United States 5
New York University Langone Medical Center Hospital United States 5
Vanderbilt University Medical Center Hospital United States 5
University of California, San Francisco University United States 5
Pfizer (United States) Other United States 5
Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra Hospital Spain 5
Samfundet Folkhälsan Other Finland 5
Universitat de Vic University Spain 4
Clínica Universitaria de Navarra Hospital Spain 4
Hospital de Cruces Hospital Spain 4
Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria Hospital Spain 4
Hospital Infanta Cristina Hospital Spain 4
Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria Hospital Spain 4
Hospital Son Llàtzer Hospital Spain 4
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biogipuzkoa Research Centre Spain 4
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras Research Centre Spain 4
University of Milan University Italy 4
KU Leuven University Belgium 4
Heidelberg University University Germany 4
University of Ulm University Germany 4
Leiden University Medical Center Hospital Netherlands 4
University of Washington University United States 4
Yale University University United States 4
Mayo Clinic Hospital United States 4
University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Research Centre United States 4
Broad Institute Research Centre United States 4
Ospedale San Martino Hospital Italy 4
Fundación Hospital Alcorcón Hospital Spain 3
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete Hospital Spain 3
Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara Hospital Spain 3
Hospital de Sabadell Hospital Spain 3
Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas y Ambientales Josep Pascual Vila Research Centre Spain 3
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz Research Centre Spain 3
Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Research Centre Spain 3
IRB Barcelona - Institute for Research in Biomedicine Research Centre Spain 3
University of Naples Federico II University Italy 3
Newcastle University University United Kingdom 3
University of Edinburgh University United Kingdom 3
French Institute of Health and Medical Research Research Centre France 3
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine University United Kingdom 3
University of Crete University Greece 3
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University United States 3
University of Minnesota University United States 3
Medical University of Vienna University Austria 3
Baylor College of Medicine University United States 3
Aarhus University Hospital Hospital Denmark 3
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai University United States 3
University of Iowa University United States 3
Columbia University Medical Center Hospital United States 3
Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Hospital United Kingdom 3
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf University Germany 3
Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Hospital France 3
Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou Hospital France 3
Hannover Medical School University Germany 3
Yale School of Medicine University United States 3
Stanford University School of Medicine University United States 3
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine University United States 3
National Cancer Center Hospital Hospital Japan 3
Cancer Council Victoria University Australia 3
Hellenic Health Foundation University Greece 3
Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio University Spain 2
Universidad de Granada University Spain 2
Universitat Rovira i Virgili University Spain 2
Universidad de Zaragoza University Spain 2
Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Universitario de Donostia Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Morales Meseguer Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Severo Ochoa Hospital Spain 2
Hospital de Cabueñes Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Costa Del Sol Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Virgen de La Luz de Cuenca Hospital Spain 2
Hospital de Fuenlabrada Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Virgen de los Lirios Hospital Spain 2
Complexo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña Hospital Spain 2
Hospital Universitario San Juan de Alicante Hospital Spain 2
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Research Centre Spain 2
Centro Nacional de Biotecnología Research Centre Spain 2
Instituto de Biología Evolutiva Research Centre Spain 2
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer Research Centre Spain 2
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón Research Centre Spain 2
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe Research Centre Spain 2
University of Cambridge University United Kingdom 2
Université Libre de Bruxelles University Belgium 2
Maastricht University University Netherlands 2
National University of Singapore University Singapore 2
Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg University Germany 2
Erasmus University Medical Center Hospital Netherlands 2
Academic Medical Center Hospital Netherlands 2
Aarhus University University Denmark 2
University of Aberdeen University United Kingdom 2
University of Amsterdam University Netherlands 2
University of Turin University Italy 2
Uppsala University University Sweden 2
University of Leeds University United Kingdom 2
Catholic University of the Sacred Heart University Italy 2
John Radcliffe Hospital Hospital United Kingdom 2
University of Florence University Italy 2
University of Malaya University Malaysia 2
Northwestern University University United States 2
University of Alberta University Canada 2
University of British Columbia University Canada 2
University of Iceland University Iceland 2
University Hospital Bonn Hospital Germany 2
University of Ottawa University Canada 2
University of Southern California University United States 2
University of Paris-Sorbonne University France 2
University of California, Berkeley University United States 2
Brown University University United States 2
National Institutes of Health Research Centre United States 2
New York University University United States 2
Stanford University University United States 2
Kyungpook National University University South Korea 2
University of Hawaii at Manoa University United States 2
Klinikum der Universität München University Germany 2
Ohio State University University United States 2
Mount Sinai Hospital Hospital Canada 2
St. Michael's Hospital Hospital Canada 2
University of Paris-Saclay University France 2
Albert Einstein College of Medicine University United States 2
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors Research Centre Germany 2
Assistance Publique -Hopitaux De Paris Hospital France 2
New York University School of Medicine University United States 2
Cancer Prevention Institute of California Research Centre United States 2
Slovak Academy of Sciences Research Centre Slovakia 2
University of Michigan Medical School University United States 2
Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense Hospital Spain 2
Beckman Research Institute Research Centre United States 2
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) University United Kingdom 2
Universitat d'Alacant University Spain 1
Universidad de Cádiz University Spain 1
Universidad de Cantabria University Spain 1
Universidad Francisco de Vitoria University Spain 1
Universidad de León University Spain 1
Universidad de Murcia University Spain 1
Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea University Spain 1
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid University Spain 1
Universidad Politécnica de Valencia University Spain 1
Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca University Spain 1
Universidad CEU San Pablo University Spain 1
Universidad de Sevilla University Spain 1
Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitario de Getafe Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital Spain 1
Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitario de Basurto Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar Hospital Spain 1
Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León Hospital Spain 1
Hospital de Móstoles Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital Spain 1
Hospital San Agustin Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real Hospital Spain 1
Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara Hospital Spain 1
Hospital de Mataró Hospital Spain 1
Hospital de Sagunto Hospital Spain 1
Complejo Asistencial de Segovia Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Virgen de la Concha Hospital Spain 1
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular - Materno Infantil de Canarias Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Infanta Leonor Hospital Spain 1
Hospital Universitario de Jaén Hospital Spain 1
Fundación Hospital de Jove Hospital Spain 1
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Research Centre Spain 1
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa Research Centre Spain 1
Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada Research Centre Spain 1
Centro de Regulación Genómica Research Centre Spain 1
Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra Research Centre Spain 1
Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol Research Centre Spain 1
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela Research Centre Spain 1
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Centre Spain 1
Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba Research Centre Spain 1
Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga Research Centre Spain 1
Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca Research Centre Spain 1
Centro Nacional de Epidemiología Research Centre Spain 1
Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas Research Centre Spain 1
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Research Centre France 1
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg University Germany 1
University of Liège University Belgium 1
Leiden University University Netherlands 1
Technical University of Denmark University Denmark 1
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich University Germany 1
University Hospital Heidelberg Hospital Germany 1
University of Copenhagen University Denmark 1
Monash University University Australia 1
University of Sydney University Australia 1
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Research Centre Australia 1
Curtin University University Australia 1
Sahlgrenska University Hospital Hospital Sweden 1
Washington University in St. Louis University United States 1
Utrecht University University Netherlands 1
Ruhr University Bochum University Germany 1
University of Greifswald University Germany 1
University of York University United Kingdom 1
University of Bern University Switzerland 1
Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg University Germany 1
University of Paris-Sud University France 1
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Research Centre Finland 1
Marche Polytechnic University University Italy 1
University of Warwick University United Kingdom 1
Babeș-Bolyai University University Romania 1
University of Bari Aldo Moro University Italy 1
University Medical Center Freiburg Hospital Germany 1
University of Glasgow University United Kingdom 1
University of Pecs University Hungary 1
University of Cagliari University Italy 1
Goethe University Frankfurt University Germany 1
Zhejiang University University China 1
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hospital Germany 1
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica University Costa Rica 1
University of Salerno University Italy 1
University of Eastern Piedmont Amadeo Avogadro University Italy 1
Shanghai Jiao Tong University University China 1
University of Wisconsin–Madison University United States 1
Helsinki University Central Hospital Hospital Finland 1
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University University Italy 1
Dublin City University University Ireland 1
Huazhong University of Science and Technology University China 1
Columbia University University United States 1
University of Pittsburgh University United States 1
University of Cincinnati University United States 1
University of Pennsylvania University United States 1
Duke University University United States 1
Massachusetts General Hospital Hospital United States 1
Oslo University Hospital Hospital Norway 1
Simon Fraser University University Canada 1
University College London University United Kingdom 1
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor University United States 1
Nationwide Children's Hospital Hospital United States 1
Korea University University South Korea 1
University of Chicago University United States 1
University of Illinois at Chicago University United States 1
Emory University University United States 1
China Medical University University Taiwan 1
Wayne State University University United States 1
Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero University Mexico 1
Universidad de Colima University Mexico 1
Uppsala University Hospital Hospital Sweden 1
Essen University Hospital Hospital Germany 1
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust Hospital United Kingdom 1
Hammersmith Hospital Hospital United Kingdom 1
University Hospital of Bern Hospital Switzerland 1
University at Buffalo, State University of New York University United States 1
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Centre United States 1
University Hospital of Zurich Hospital Switzerland 1
National Research Centre for the Working Environment Research Centre Denmark 1
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Hospital Brazil 1
Box Hill Hospital Hospital Australia 1
Royal Liverpool University Hospital Hospital United Kingdom 1
Liverpool Hospital Hospital Australia 1
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Italy 1
Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Hospital Ghana 1
The General Hospital of Heraklion "Venizeleio-Pananio" Hospital Greece 1
National Institute for Health Development Research Centre Estonia 1
Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos Hospital Lithuania 1
National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital Hospital Bangladesh 1
Samodzielny Publiczny Centralny Szpital Kliniczny Hospital Poland 1
HOPE European Hospital and Healthcare Federation Hospital Belgium 1
Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista University Peru 1
Institute for Cancer Research Research Centre Austria 1
Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education at Ensenada Research Centre Mexico 1
China National Environmental Monitoring Center Research Centre China 1
The Bristol-Myers Squibb Children's Hospital Hospital United States 1
Klinikum Hanau Hospital Germany 1
Hôpital Pasteur Hospital France 1
National Center for Theoretical Sciences Research Centre Taiwan 1
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine Research Centre Poland 1
Institute of Oncology Ljubljana Research Centre Slovenia 1
Shanghai Cancer Institute Research Centre China 1
International Epidemiology Institute Research Centre United States 1
Istituto per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica Research Centre Italy 1
Boston University School of Medicine University United States 1
Duke NUS Graduate Medical School University Singapore 1
Charité Hospital Germany 1
Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention Research Centre China 1
Centre Léon Bérard Research Centre France 1
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA University United States 1
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine University United States 1
Summit Health Institute for Research and Education Research Centre United States 1
University of Colorado Cancer Center Hospital United States 1
Hospital Alvarez-Buylla Hospital Spain 1
Real Academia Nacional de Medicina Other Spain 1
Sociedad Española de Calidad Asistencial Other Spain 1
Netherlands Cancer Institute Research Centre Netherlands 1
Fox Chase Cancer Center Hospital United States 1
European Molecular Biology Laboratory University Germany 1
Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa University Spain 1
Novartis (Sweden) University Sweden 1
Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública Research Centre Spain 1
Eli Lilly and Company Other United States 1
IQVIA Research Centre Spain 1
IK4-IKERLAN Other Spain 1