Frozen ground and snow cover monitoring in Livingston and Deception islands, Antarcticapreliminary results of the 2015-2019 PERMASNOW project

  1. M. A. de Pablo 1
  2. J. J. Jiménez 1
  3. M. Ramos 1
  4. M. Prieto 1
  5. A. Molina 2
  6. G. Vieira 4
  7. M.A. Hidalgo 1
  8. S. Fernández 3
  9. C. Recondo 3
  10. J. F. Calleja 3
  11. J. J. Peón 3
  12. A. Corbea Pérez 3
  13. C.N. Maior 1
  14. M. Morales 1
  15. C. Mora 4
  1. 1 Universidad de Alcalá
    info

    Universidad de Alcalá

    Alcalá de Henares, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04pmn0e78

  2. 2 Centro de Astrobiología
    info

    Centro de Astrobiología

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/038szmr31

  3. 3 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

  4. 4 Universidade de Lisboa
    info

    Universidade de Lisboa

    Lisboa, Portugal

    ROR https://ror.org/01c27hj86

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Revista:
Cuadernos de investigación geográfica: Geographical Research Letters

ISSN: 0211-6820,  1697-9540

Ano de publicación: 2020

Volume: 46

Número: 1

Páxinas: 187-222

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.18172/CIG.4381 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Cuadernos de investigación geográfica: Geographical Research Letters

Obxectivos de Desenvolvemento Sustentable

Resumo

Since 2006, our research team has been establishing in the islands of Livingston and Deception, (South Shetland archipelago, Antarctica) several monitoring stations of the active layer thickness within the international network Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM), and the ground thermal regime for the Ground Terrestrial Network-Permafrost (GTN-P). Both networks were developed within the International Permafrost Association (IPA). In the GTN-P stations, in addition to the temperature of the air, soil, and terrain at different depths, the snow thickness is also monitored by snow poles. Since 2006, a delay in the disappearance of the snow layer has been observed, which could explain the variations we observed in the active layer thickness and permafrost temperatures. Therefore, in late 2015 our research group started the PERMASNOW project (2015-2019) to pay attention to the effect of snow cover on ground thermal This project had two different ways to study the snow cover. On the first hand, in early 2017 we deployed new instrumentation, including new time lapse cameras, snow poles with high number of sensors and a complete and complex set of instruments and sensors to configure a snow pack analyzer station providing 32 environmental and snow parameters. We used the data acquired along 2017 and 2018 years with the new instruments, together with the available from all our already existing sensors, to study in detail the snow cover. On the other hand, remote sensing data were used to try to map the snow cover, not only at our monitoring stations but the entire islands in order to map and study the snow cover distribution, as well as to start the way for future permafrost mapping in the entire islands. MODIS-derived surface temperatures and albedo products were used to detect the snow cover and to test the surface temperature. Since cloud presence limited the acquisition of valid observations of MODIS sensor, we also analyzed Terrasar X data to overcome this limitation. Remote sensing data validation required the acquirement of in situ ground-true data, consisting on data from our permanent instruments, as well as ad hoc measurements in the field (snow cover mapping, snow pits, albedo characterization, etc.). Although the project is finished, the data analysis is still ongoing. We present here the different research tasks we are developing as well as the most important results we already obtained about the snow cover. These results confirm how the snow cover duration has been changing in the last years, affecting the ground thermal behavior.

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Información de financiamento

This work has been supported by funds from the Ministry of Economy of the Government of Spain by the Polar Research Program (PERMASNOW CTM2014-52021-R) and the PERMATHERMAL arrangement between the University of Alcalá, the Spanish Institute of Geology and Mining, and the Spanish Polar Committee for the maintenance of the monitoring stations in Deception and Livingston Islands. We thank to the 2016-2017, 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 crews of Gabriel de Castilla and Juan Carlos I Spanish Antarctic Stations in Deception and Livingston Islands respectively for their support on the development of the field tasks of the PERMASNOW project. Part of this research was possible thank to the Research Agreement with the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt (German Government) for the acquisition of TerraSAR X images. Authors want to thank to the two anonymous referees for their useful comments that helped to improve the manuscript.

Financiadores

  • MINECO Spain
    • PERMA-SNOW: Caracterización y evolución de la cubierta nival y su efecto en el régimen térmico del permafrost y la capa activa en las islas Livingston y Decepción (Antártida)

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Fonte de datos: Dialnet