Infecciones por anaerobios de piel y partes blandas, orofaringe y parénquima pulmonar

  1. Navarro López, J. 1
  2. Gutiérrez García, A. 1
  3. Vacas Córdoba, M. 1
  4. Arranz Caso, A. 1
  1. 1 Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Universidad de Alcalá de Henares. Alcalá de Henares. Madrid. España
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Ano de publicación: 2022

Título do exemplar: Enfermedades infecciosas (IV)

Serie: 13

Número: 52

Páxinas: 3021-3030

Tipo: Artigo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Outras publicacións en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumo

Anaerobic bacteria are a fundamental component of the microbiota of human mucosa, especially of the mouth, lower gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. Infections that occur tend to be related to the alteration of natural barriers present in these structures or the onset of tissue ischemia, as these bacteria need a low potential of reduction–oxidation for their development. Its pathogenesis also includes the development of virulence factors, the capacity of some species to resist oxygenated microenvironments, synergism with other bacteria, and resistance to certain antibiotics. This type of infection tends to be polymicrobial, which complicates their isolation. The MALDI-TOF method has facilitated the rapid, reliable identification of these microorganisms and is currently the method of choice. The first diagnostic approach is clinical; anatomical location plays a very important role in it. Treatment tends to include a combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics along with a surgical approach in many cases. The involvement of anaerobic germs should be suspected in some infections of the skin and soft tissues, oropharynx and adjacent structures, and pulmonary parenchyma. These infections entail high morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of clinical syndromes with anaerobic involvement in these localizations facilitates a correct diagnosis and suitable treatment.

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Fonte de datos: Dialnet